Isoniazid

What is Isoniazid?

Isoniazid is a prescription oral tablet used to treat and prevent tuberculosis (TB). It works by targeting the bacteria that cause TB, stopping them from multiplying and spreading in the body. Isoniazid is commonly used as part of a combination therapy to ensure effective treatment and reduce the risk of bacterial resistance. Proper use under medical supervision helps manage TB safely and effectively.

Isoniazid used for

Isoniazid is prescribed for:

• Treating active tuberculosis, including pulmonary and extrapulmonary infections

• Preventing latent TB infection from progressing into active disease

• Post-exposure prevention for individuals at high risk of TB

• Combination therapy with other anti-TB medicines to reduce the risk of drug resistance

Chemical composition

The active ingredient in Isoniazid tablets is Isoniazid, a potent anti-TB compound. Tablets also contain inactive ingredients such as lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, and microcrystalline cellulose to stabilize and bind the medicine. Each formulation is carefully designed to deliver a consistent and accurate dose for safe and effective TB management.

Isoniazid Mechanism

Isoniazid is a bactericidal drug that inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acids, essential components of the TB bacteria’s cell wall. Without these acids, the bacteria cannot survive or multiply, helping eliminate infection from the lungs and other affected areas.

How does it help to recover from tuberculosis?

By reducing the TB bacteria load, Isoniazid helps the body recover from infection more quickly. In cases of latent TB, it prevents dormant bacteria from becoming active. Consistent use improves lung function, reduces symptoms such as coughing and fatigue, and lowers the risk of TB spreading to others.

What are the other Benefits?

• Can be used to prevent TB in people exposed to the bacteria

• Supports combination therapy for comprehensive TB treatment

• Reduces the risk of disease transmission in families and communities

• Helps restore general health and respiratory function

• Well-tolerated when taken as prescribed

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Dosages

Available strengths or dosage

Isoniazid tablets are commonly available in:

• 100 mg tablets

• 300 mg tablets

The exact dosage depends on the patient’s age, weight, and type of TB being treated.

How and when to take it

• Take Isoniazid once daily or as directed by your doctor

• Can be taken with or without food, but maintain consistency

• Swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water

• Avoid skipping doses to prevent bacterial resistance

Overdose caution

Taking too much Isoniazid can cause dizziness, nausea, vomiting, or liver toxicity. Seek medical help immediately in case of overdose.

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Who can use/take Isoniazid?

Isoniazid is suitable for:

• Adults and children diagnosed with active or latent TB

• Individuals who have had recent exposure to TB and need preventive therapy

It may not be suitable for:

• People with severe liver disease or chronic alcohol use

• Individuals allergic to Isoniazid or any tablet ingredient

• Pregnant or breastfeeding women unless prescribed and monitored by a doctor

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Side Effects & Precautions

What are the side effects?

Common side effects include:

• Nausea, vomiting, or mild stomach upset

• Loss of appetite and fatigue

• Tingling, numbness, or burning in hands or feet (peripheral neuropathy)

Serious but less common side effects:

• Liver damage or jaundice

• Severe allergic reactions

• Unusual bruising or bleeding

Seek medical attention if any serious or persistent symptoms occur.

What are the Precautions to avoid side effects?

• Take vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) if recommended to prevent nerve issues

• Avoid alcohol during treatment to reduce liver risk

• Attend regular liver function tests as advised by your doctor

• Inform your healthcare provider about all other medications to avoid interactions

• Report any symptoms such as jaundice, numbness, or persistent stomach pain promptly

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Always consult your doctor before starting Isoniazid. If prescribed, you can order Isoniazid tablets online from trusted pharmacy sources for safe and timely delivery, ensuring uninterrupted treatment and effective recovery from TB.