Cycloserine 250mg

Overview

As a second-line treatment option, Cycloserine is crucial for managing TB in patients who do not respond to more common treatments. It plays a significant role in global health by helping to control the spread of tuberculosis, especially in regions where drug resistance is prevalent. This medication can be life-saving when other therapies are ineffective.

Cycloserine 250mg Uses

Cycloserine 250mg is prescribed to:

• Treat active tuberculosis, especially when the disease is resistant to first-line drugs such as isoniazid and rifampin.
• Sometimes used off-label for treating urinary tract infections caused by specific susceptible strains of bacteria.

How Cycloserine 250mg Works

Cycloserine inhibits the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall by competitively inhibiting two enzymes involved in the incorporation of D-alanine into the bacterial cell wall. This disruption prevents the bacteria from forming a proper cell wall, which is necessary for their survival and growth. By halting this critical process, cycloserine effectively kills the tuberculosis bacteria and stops the infection’s progression.

How to Use Cycloserine 250mg

• Cycloserine 250mg should be taken orally, typically twice a day, or as directed by your healthcare provider.
• It can be taken with or without food, but taking it with a small meal or snack may help reduce stomach upset.
• It is crucial to take this medication at evenly spaced intervals and to continue the treatment for the full duration prescribed, even if symptoms disappear, to prevent the development of drug resistance.
• Regular medical appointments and laboratory tests (such as kidney function tests) are necessary to monitor your response to treatment and check for side effects.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Cycloserine include:

• Dizziness
• Drowsiness
• Headache
• Confusion

Serious side effects that require immediate medical attention:

• Severe mood or mental changes (such as psychosis, suicidal thoughts, severe depression)
• Seizures
• Signs of liver problems (such as persistent nausea, vomiting, stomach/abdominal pain, yellowing eyes/skin, dark urine)

Drug Interactions

Cycloserine can interact with:

• Other antibiotics, potentially leading to increased risk of side effects.
• Alcohol and CNS depressants, which can enhance the drug’s effects on the nervous system.
• Anticonvulsants, as cycloserine may affect their efficacy.

Inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking to manage potential interactions effectively.

Precautions and Warnings

• Neurological Issues: Patients with a history of seizures, depression, or alcohol use disorder should use cycloserine with caution due to the risk of neurological side effects.
• Renal Function: Cycloserine is excreted primarily by the kidneys; patients with renal impairment may require dose adjustments or more frequent monitoring to avoid toxicity.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Discuss potential risks with your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Storage

• Store Cycloserine 250mg at room temperature away from light and moisture.
• Do not store in the bathroom.
• Keep all medications out of reach of children and pets.

Cycloserine 250mg is an essential medication for treating resistant forms of tuberculosis. Adherence to the prescribed regimen, along with regular medical supervision, is critical to ensure the effectiveness of the treatment and to minimize potential risks and side effects.