Chloroquine 500mg

Chloroquine 500mg Uses

Chloroquine 500mg is primarily prescribed for:

• Prevention and treatment of malaria.
• Treatment of extraintestinal amebiasis.
• Management of autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus (as part of off-label use).

The medication’s effectiveness in treating malaria stems from its ability to kill malaria parasites at the stage of their life cycle which occurs in red blood cells.

How Does Chloroquine 500mg Work

Chloroquine works by interfering with the growth of parasites in the red blood cells of the human body. For malaria, it enters the red blood cells, inhibiting the parasite cell’s ability to break down and utilize hemoglobin. This accumulation of toxic heme leads to the death of the parasite. In the treatment of autoimmune disorders, Chloroquine is believed to exert its effect by reducing inflammation, though its exact mechanism in these conditions is not fully understood.

How to Use Chloroquine 500mg

Chloroquine 500mg should be taken exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. The dosage and duration depend on the medical condition being treated, the response to treatment, and the recommendations of health authorities for travelers to malaria-prone areas. For malaria prevention, Chloroquine is typically taken once a week on the same day each week, starting two weeks before exposure, continuing during the stay, and for 8 weeks after leaving the area.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Chloroquine include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Headache
• Stomach pain
• Loss of appetite

More serious side effects require immediate medical attention:

• Vision changes or damage to the retina (retinopathy)
• Hearing loss
• Muscle weakness
• Severe hypoglycemia

Drug Interactions

Chloroquine can interact with other medications, which can affect how it works or increase the risk of serious side effects. Notable interactions include:

• Antacids and kaolin can reduce the absorption of Chloroquine.
• Cimetidine can inhibit the metabolism of Chloroquine, increasing its levels.
• Other medications that prolong the QT interval or are associated with retinopathy.

Food Interactions

There are no specific food interactions with Chloroquine, but taking it with food can help reduce gastrointestinal discomfort.

Contraindications

Chloroquine is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Chloroquine or ingredients in the formulation. It should also not be used by patients with a history of vision changes or damage to the retina due to Chloroquine or similar drugs.

Precautions and Warnings

• Ocular Effects: Regular ophthalmologic examinations are recommended due to the risk of retinal damage.
• Glucose Levels: Monitoring blood glucose levels is necessary, as Chloroquine can cause hypoglycemia.
• Cardiac Effects: Caution is advised in patients with heart conditions, as Chloroquine can cause cardiac arrhythmias.

Storage

Store Chloroquine 500mg at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and direct light. Keep the medication in a secure place out of reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion.

By understanding the proper use, potential risks, and storage conditions of Chloroquine 500mg, patients and healthcare providers can ensure this medication is used safely and effectively.